Fig. 1: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a decrease in immune cells in peripheral blood.

a Schematic representation of flow cytometry workflow. b Heatmap representation of row z-score of mean absolute cell counts across the groups. Individual plots are shown in Supplementary Fig. 1A. c UMAP clustering of CD45+ immune cells. d Monocyte activation markers mean geometric MFI (gMFI). e Neutrophil activation markers mean geometric MFI (gMFI). f Absolute neutrophil counts. g Representative plot of mature and immature neutrophil gating strategy in healthy control or acute COVID-19 patient. h Mature (CD10+) and immature (CD10−) neutrophil Abs counts. Data presented are from individual human samples of healthy n = 17, acute n = 54 and recovered n = 26 common in flow panels a and c. Heatmap is presented as mean of z-score, scatter dot plots are presented with mean ± SD. Absolute counts were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis using Dunn correction for multiple comparison, gMFI was analysed by Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA without multiple comparison. For heatmap, stars shown in acute column represent healthy vs acute comparison. Stars shown in recovered column represent acute vs recovered comparison. ns non-significant. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data available in source data file, exact p-values are given in Supplementary Data 1.