Fig. 4: Clonal architecture in xenotransplanted models.

NSG-SGM3 mice engrafted with aliquotes of AML-38-001, AML-67-001, and AML-41-001 were analyzed by single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq). a Schematic figures of xenotransplant assay. PDX patient derived xenograft, BM bone marrow, PB peripheral blood. b Change in clonal diversity between human and xenotransplanted models. The types of samples are shown on the x-axis. The y-axis shows Shannon index. The thick line within each box represents the median, and the top and bottom edges of the box represent the 25th and 75th percentiles, respectively. The upper and lower whiskers represent the 75th percentile plus 1.5 times the interquartile range and the 25th percentile minus 1.5 times the interquartile range, respectively. Two-sided Student’s t test was used without adjustment for multiple comparisons (p = 0.000557). N = 19 samples from 3 cases. All data points are shown colored by the donors. PDX patient derived xenograft. c, d Clonal structure based on scDNA-seq data in human and xenotransplanted samples in c AML-38 and d AML-67. The phylogenetic trees visualize the estimated order of mutation acquisition and the proportion of subclones with a different combination of mutations at each timepoint. The wild-type cells which did not carry any driver mutations are not shown. ADO allele dropout, FPR false-positive rate.