Fig. 2: GBM necrosis is extensively infiltrated with neutrophils.

a Representative high-magnification H&E-stained section obtained from a LN229^TAZ(4SA) tumor-bearing mouse (n = 3 tumors) showing areas bordering cellular tumor (CT) and necrosis (N). The outlined area is enlarged and shown on the right. Three animals from each condition were examined independently with consistent observations. b Representative immunofluorescent staining of mouse-specific neutrophil marker, Ly6G, and DAPI staining on paraffin-embedded sections of mice implanted with LN229^vector, LN229^TAZ(4SA), or LN229^{TAZ(4SA-S51A)} (n = 3 tumors for each) upon reaching endpoints. Three animals from each condition were examined independently with consistent observations. c Representative flow cytometry analysis of murine myeloid cell markers CD11b and CD45 on cells isolated from tumor tissues of mice implanted with LN229^vector, LN229^TAZ(4SA), or LN229^{TAZ(4SA-S51A)} upon reaching endpoints. Cells isolated from a non-tumor-bearing mouse served as a baseline. d Percentage of CD11b⁺CD45⁺ cells from flow cytometry analyses shown in c; LN229^vector (n = 3 tumors), LN229^TAZ(4SA) (n = 9 tumors), LN229^{TAZ(4SA-S51A)} (n = 4 tumors), and non-tumor-bearing mice (n = 7 mice). Ordinary one-way ANOVA. e Further immunophenotyping of CD11b⁺CD45⁺ cells shown in c via Ly6G flow cytometry, with representative results shown here. f Percentage of Ly6G⁺ cells (a.k.a. neutrophils) shown in e; LN229^vector (n = 5 tumors), LN229^TAZ(4SA) (n = 5 tumors), and LN229^{TAZ(4SA-S51A)} (n = 3 tumors). Ordinary one-way ANOVA. g Representative low- and high-magnification H&E-stained formaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded brain sections of mice implanted with LN229^TAZ(4SA) collected 10 days after tumor implantation (top; n = 3 tumors) and 16 days after tumor implantation (bottom; n = 3 tumors). N denotes central tumor necrosis and CT denotes cellular tumor. Three animals from each condition were examined independently with consistent observations. Outlined areas are enlarged and shown in the color-coded panels. a–g n indicates total number of animals. Numerical data are presented as mean ± s.e.m. Each data point represents an animal. All scale bars are in μm. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.