Table 1 Summary of different types of Fe excitations in the (3, 1) superlattice.

From: Site-specific spectroscopic measurement of spin and charge in (LuFeO3)m/(LuFe2O4)1 multiferroic superlattices

Type of

Excitation

Layer in the

Energy range

Intensity

excitation

channel

superlattice

(eV)

(Δα(E), α(E))

Fe2+ → Fe3+ charge transfer

Spin-down

LuFe2O4

1–2.4

strong, strong

Fe2+ → Fe3+ charge transfer

Spin-up

LuFe2O4

2–2.8

strong, strong

Fe2+d → d on-site

Spin-down

LuFe2O4

2.5–2.8

medium, medium

Fe3+d → d on-site

Spin-up

LuFe2O4

2–2.8

weak, weak

Fe3+d → d on-site

Spin-down

LuFe2O4

2–2.8

weak, weak

Fe3+d → d on-site

Spin-down

LuFeO3

1–2.8

weak, weak

  1. The first three rows indicate the most important excitations as discussed in Supplementary Information. The energy range for our measurements is from 0.8 - 2.8 eV.
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