Fig. 3: RNF115 deficiency inhibits DNA virus-triggered signaling.

a qRT-PCR analysis of Ifnb, Il6, and Isg56 mRNA in Rnf115^+/+ and Rnf115^−/− BMDCs or MLFs infected with HSV-1 for 0–8 h. b ELISA analysis of IFN-β, IL6, and TNF in the supernatants of Rnf115^+/+ and Rnf115^−/− BMDCs infected with HSV-1 for 0–24 h, or transfected with HSV60, DNA90, or HSV120 for 0–6 h. c Immunoblot analysis of total and phosphorylated (p-) IRF3, TBK1, P65, and RNF115 and β-Actin in Rnf115^+/+ and Rnf115^−/− BMDCs or MLFs infected with HSV-1 for 0–8 h. d Flow cytometric analysis (left flow charts) and microscopy imaging (right images) of the replication of H129-G4 (MOI = 0.5) in Rnf115^+/+ and Rnf115^−/− MLFs left uninfected or infected with H129-G4 for 1 h followed by twice PBS wash and cultured in full medium for 24 h. Numbers adjacent to the outlined areas indicate percentages of GFP⁺ MLFs. e qRT-PCR analysis of HSV-1 UL30 mRNA (left graph) and plaque assays (right graph) analyzing HSV-1 titers in Rnf115^+/+ and Rnf115^−/− MLFs infected with HSV-1 (MOI = 0.5) for 1 h followed by twice PBS wash and cultured in full medium for 24 h. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test). Scale bars represent 200 μm. Data are representative of three independent experiments (graphs show mean ± SD in a, b, e). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.