Fig. 2: Photovoltaic of PBDB-T:ITIC-based OPVs and performance of this organic-photoactive-layer-based photoanode.

a AFM image of the photoactive layer. b J–V curve of PBDB-T:ITIC-based OPVs under AM 1.5 G solar simulator (100 mW cm−2). c EQE for PBDB-T:ITIC OPV. d Comparison of current density–potential curve on pristine PBDB-T:ITIC organic photoanode with and without 100-μm-thick Ni foil in 1 M NaOH electrolyte (pH 13.6) under AM 1.5 G solar simulator (100 mW cm−2).