Fig. 4: Disulfide bond formation within NCs and after release.
From: Cysteine oxidation and disulfide formation in the ribosomal exit tunnel
Free thiols of GBC nascent chain (I) are modified by glutathione (GSH) (II) or S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) (III). Such modified cysteine residues with enhanced electrophilicity can be attacked by thiol groups of neighboring cysteine residues to form disulfide bonds (IV). In the released NC, non-native disulfide are either reshuffeled to form native disulfide bonds (C18-C22) or reduced pending on translation rate. SecM is shown in dark gray, the nascent chain in light blue, L4 in light pink, and L22 in light orange. Cysteine residues are shown as yellow ball.
