Fig. 4: The relative error between our fourth-order polynomial fit and the full 1D radiative-convective climate model.

Our polynomial fit is valid between 1.05S⊕ and 0.35S⊕, where S⊕ is the solar constant. The polynomial fit is valid for atmospheric CO2 abundances between 10−6 and 10 bar. The surface temperatures predicted by the polynomial fit reproduce the results of the 1D climate model. The maximum error in predicted surface temperature between the polynomial fit and the 1D climate model is ~3%.