Fig. 4: Simultaneous multisite optogenetic stimulation, electrical recording, and drug delivery.
From: Spatially expandable fiber-based probes as a multifunctional deep brain interface
a An illustration of the depth-dependent multimodal fiber probe targeting cortex, hippocampus and thalamus regions in a transgenic Thy1-ChR2-YFP mouse brain and a photograph of the assembled device coupled to the 473 nm laser. b Unfiltered electrophysiological recording from depth-electrodes 1–4 during optogenetic stimulation (10 Hz, 5 ms pulse width, 7.3 mW/mm2) 5 months after implantation (n = 5). c An illustration of the spatially expanded multimodal fiber probe targeting the thalamus region in a transgenic Thy1-ChR2-YFP mouse brain and a photograph of the assembled device coupled to the 473 nm laser. d Unfiltered electrophysiological recording from electrodes 1–5 during optogenetic stimulation (10 Hz, 5 ms pulse width, 7.3 mW/mm2) 3 months after implantation (n = 5). e–g Filtered (0.3–5 kHz) electrophysiological recording from a F2 multifunctional probe e before, f 30 s after and g 1180 s after CNQX administration through the multifunctional fiber during optogenetic stimulation (10 Hz, 5 ms pulse width, 7.3 mW/mm2). h Peak-to-peak amplitude values of each detected optically evoked spiking activity show a decrease in amplitude induced by CNQX administration and a gradual recovery phase after the termination of CNQX delivery. i Comparison of the mean peak-to-peak amplitude values measured before, during and, after CNQX injection (Repeated measure one-way ANOVA Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, **p < 0.01 (Before vs. After, p = 0.0044), *p < 0.05 (After vs. Recovery, p = 0.0134, n = 3). j Seizure-like afterdischarges were induced by repetitive optical stimulation (20 Hz, 5 ms pulse width, 7.3 mW/mm2) using spatially expandable fiber probes (n = 10). k Zoomed in details of the recording results highlighted in Fig. 4j. l Power spectrum density plot of the representative trace shown in Fig. 4j. Representative images are shown taken from ≥3 animals analyzed per each experimental group. All error bars in the figure represent the standard deviation.
