Fig. 1: The working principles of Pem-iTENG.
From: A high-efficiency bioinspired photoelectric-electromechanical integrated nanogenerator

a Pem-iTENG with P-N heterojunction (i). Unmodified and modified Pem-iTENG during the two flow states of the tidal waves (ii and iii). b Principles of photocatalysis of bionic cilia with a P-N heterojunction. c The contact electrification of Pem-iTENG in a cycle of reciprocating tidal waves and free electron transfer direction between the two electrodes.