Fig. 1: Liver-specific Xbp1 ablation links hepatic disruption of the 12-h clock to progressive NAFLD.
From: XBP1 links the 12-hour clock to NAFLD and regulation of membrane fluidity and lipid homeostasis
a–d Liver gross morphology, histology and liver functional parameters of the Xbp1flx/flx and AlbCre;Xbp1flx/flx mice. a, b Liver gross morphology of the Xbp1flx/flx and AlbCre;Xbp1flx/flx mice fed regular chow ad libitum for 15 (a) or 30 (b) weeks age. c, d Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Oil Red O (ORO) staining of liver sections from the indicated mouse strains for 15 (c) or 30 (d) weeks age. Scale bar, 100 μm. H&E shows tissue composition, macrovesicular fat, and hepatocyte ballooning in the livers of AlbCre;Xbp1flx/flx mice. ORO visualizes neutral lipid droplets. e, f Plasma triglycerides (TG), plasma total cholesterol (TC), plasma insulin, plasma glucose, liver TG, and body weight in the indicated mouse strains (n = 9) for 15 (e) or 30 (f) weeks age. g, h Glucose tolerance test (GTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), and fasting plasma glucose and insulin levels from the indicated mouse strains for 30 (g) n = 5 or 50–60 (h) n = 9 weeks age. Unpaired Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA analysis were performed with p value indicated. Data are graphed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001.
