Fig. 1: Geographic, morphological and genetic variation in silent Hawaiian crickets.
From: Rapid parallel adaptation despite gene flow in silent crickets
a Representative right forewings of flatwing T. oceanicus males from populations on the Hawaiian islands of Kauai, Oahu and the Big Island (Hilo). Map drawn using QGIS v2.18.24 (http://qgis.org). Dots on wing veins indicate geometric morphometric landmarks, and colours reflect the scheme used in this manuscript if not stated otherwise (purple = Kauai, blue = Oahu, green = Hilo). Bottom left photo: A normal-wing male for comparison (Photo credit: N.W. Bailey). b Flatwing wing venation differs among the three populations. Canonical variates analysis (CVA) showing multivariate differences in wing veins of flatwing males from Kauai, Oahu and Hilo. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. c Deformation grid illustrating the major differences in forewing venation between flatwing males from the three populations. The outline indicates a generic male forewing, and arrows show vectors representing landmark variation on CV1 (scaling factor of 10). d There is clear population genetic differentiation among the three islands. Genome-wide differentiation among T. oceanicus populations shown in a three-dimensional PCA scatter diagram based on autosomal SNPs. Australian T. oceanicus outgroup samples are indicated in orange. Solid circles = normal-wing males, open circles = flatwing males. e However, population structure analysis indicated an optimal group size of K = 5, likely reflecting our inclusion of lab-raised normal-wing Kauai males and lab-raised flatwing Hilo males. Different colours indicate genetically distinct groups. f Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on autosomal SNPs. Symbols and colour coding for T. oceanicus samples are as above, and black circles = T. commodus outgroup. The scale bar represents the level of genetic similarity.
