Fig. 3: Young’s modulus maps of P(VDF-TrFE) below and above the Curie transition.

a, b Spatially resolved nanomechanical maps of P(VDF-TrFE) for the low-temperature ferroelectric state at 300 K. c, d Nanomechanical maps of P(VDF-TrFE) for the high-temperature paraelectric state at 395 K. The bottom panels show the cross-sections along the lines traced in the images. Lamellar structures are observed below and above the Curie transition (TC = 374 K). The nanomechanical maps have been generated by bimodal AFM.