Fig. 3: Optogenetic targeting of Calca+ vagal afferents in the stomach. | Nature Communications

Fig. 3: Optogenetic targeting of Calca+ vagal afferents in the stomach.

From: Organ-specific, multimodal, wireless optoelectronics for high-throughput phenotyping of peripheral neural pathways

Fig. 3

a Light intensity measurements comparing LED implantation inside vs. outside the stomach (n = 5, p < 0.01), with varying RF powers (p < 0.001). Dashed horizontal lines indicate light intensity needed for 10 and 50% maximal activation of channelrhodopsin2. b Comparison of total food intake, number of meals, and meal size in mice implanted with LED device (n = 7) or sham operated (n = 6) (p = 0.71). c CalcaCre transgenic mice received nodose ganglion injection of AAV9-DIO-ChR2:tdTomato. Images show fluorescence in situ hybridization of tdTomato and Calca mRNA, demonstrating the cell-type specificity of transgenic/viral approach; scale bars 25 µm. d tdTomato fluorescence labeling of central Calca+ vagal afferent endings in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS); scale bar 25 µm. e Fluorescence labeling of peripheral Calca+ vagal afferent endings in the stomach mucosal layer; scale bar 50 µm. Behavioral experimental results are from one cohort of animals. Bar graphs are mean ± SEM. Statistical comparisons were made using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc; ***p < 0.001.

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