Fig. 3: Temporal control and kinetic study on ODA 5d-catalyzed ATRP of MMA.
From: Metal-free atom transfer radical polymerization with ppm catalyst loading under sunlight

a Light on–off experiments and the plot of monomer conversion vs time. b Kinetic plot for the metal-free ATRP. c Plot of Mn and Đ vs monomer conversion for the polymerization of MMA under continuous irradiation. d GPC traces of each polymer depicted in (c) (color coded). All polymerizations were performed at a ratio of [MMA]0:[DBMM]0:[5d]0 = 200:1:0.05 under purple LED irradiation (400 nm, 25 mW cm–2) .