Fig. 3: Global variability and latitudinal patterns of the potential structural complexity.
From: Global patterns and climatic controls of forest structural complexity

Globally modeled forest structural complexity (SSCIpot), expressing the potential structural complexity across and within biomes (a), latitudes (b), and realms (c). Data points (n = 21,851) are samples based on a systematic global sampling grid with a distance of 50 km between points. Letters in a indicate significant differences in SSCIpot between biomes (one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD post-hoc test, p < 0.0001). White dots mark the median, black lines the interquartile range and colored violins the probability density of the underlying distribution. The black band in b represents the 95% confidence interval of a thin-plate regression spline based on a generalized additive model (p < 0.0001).