Table 3 Study sites.

From: Global patterns and climatic controls of forest structural complexity

Biome

Site

Ecoregion

n (plots)

Long. (°)

Lat. (°)

Elevation (m a.s.l.)

Soil type

Boreal forests

Fairbanks (USA)

Interior Alaska-Yukon lowland taiga

25

−148.11

64.80

198

Gleysol

 

Muddus (Sweden)

Scandinavian and Russian taiga

15

20.06

67.05

532

Podzol

Temperate broadleaf forests

Big Reed (USA)

New England-Acadian forests

12

−69.06

46.36

418

Podzol

 

Lagodechi Nature Reserve (Georgia)

Caucasus mixed forests

12

46.32

41.85

798

Cambisol

 

Parque Tantauco (Chile)

Valdivian temperate forests

9

−73.79

−43.02

134

Andosol

 

Reserva San Pablo de Tregua (Chile)

Valdivian temperate forests

7

−72.09

−39.60

817

Andosol

 

Rožok (Slovakia)

Carparthian montane forests

30

22.46

48.98

648

Cambisol

 

Uholka-Shyroki Luh (Ukraine)

Carparthian montane forests

30

23.62

48.27

746

Cambisol

Temperate conifer forests

Parque Nacional Villarica (Chile)

Valdivian temperate forests

4

−71.51

−39.58

1269

Andosol

 

HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (USA)

Central-Southern Cascades forests

10

−122.22

44.23

543

Cambisol

 

Rockefeller Forest (USA)

Northern California coastal forests

15

−123.95

40.35

142

Inceptisol

 

Whitaker Forest (USA)

Sierra Nevada forests

8

−118.93

36.71

1641

Alfisol

(Sub-)Tropical savannas and woodlands

Bwabwata National Park (Namibia)

Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands

11

21.76

−18.21

1035

Arenosol

 

Chobe Forest Reserve (Botswana)

Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands

10

24.61

−18.23

989

Arenosol

 

Khaudum National Park (Namibia)

Zambezian Baikiaea woodlands

16

20.73

−18.45

1082

Arenosol

(Sub-)Tropical moist broadleaf forests

Budongo Forest Reserve (Uganda)

Albertine Rift montane forests

10

31.53

1.73

1070

Ferralsol

 

Danum Valley (Malaysia)

Borneo lowland rain forests

22

117.79

4.97

255

Acrisol

 

Maliau Basin (Malaysia)

Borneo lowland rain forests

18

116.97

4.74

276

Acrisol

 

Saddle Road Forest Kipuka (USA)

Hawai’i tropical moist forests

15

−155.31

19.67

1433

Andosol

 

Colo-I-Suva Forest (Fiji)

Fiji tropical moist forests

15

178.44

−18.05

221

Cambisol