Fig. 6: HER activity mechanism of V SACs@1T-WS₂.

a The Gibbs free energy of H adsorption (ΔG_H*) of 2H-WS_2, V SACs@2H-WS₂, and V SACs@1T-WS₂ on the V and S edge sites. b Relationship between |∆G_H*| and the d-band center of adjacent W/V ions at the most active edge sites of 2H-WS₂, V SACs@2H-WS₂, and V SACs@1T-WS₂.