Fig. 3: dCas9-dMSK1 activates endogenous human promoters with high genome and transcriptome-wide specificity.

a, b RT-qPCR for OCT4 or MYOD mRNA levels 72 h post-transfection of dCas9, dCas9-MSK1, dCas9-dMSK1, or dCas9-ddMSK1 and 4 corresponding promoter-targeting gRNAs. Two-sided t-test, *P < 0.05; n = 3 independent experiments for both panels; error bars, s.e.m. c DESeq2 analysis of FLAG ChIP-seq binding data from HEK293T cells transiently co-transfected with dCas9-dMSK1 and four OCT4 promoter-targeting gRNAs compared to HEK293T cells transiently co-transfected with dCas9-dMSK1 and a non-targeting gRNA. Data were analyzed using the Wald test. Red circles indicate false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.01; d DESeq2 analysis of RNA-seq data from HEK293T cells transiently co-transfected with dCas9-dMSK1 and four OCT4 promoter-targeting gRNAs compared to HEK293T cells transiently co-transfected with dCas9-dMSK1 and a non-targeting gRNA. Data were analyzed using the Wald test and the adjusted P value (Padj) was calculated using the Benjamini and Hochberg method. Significantly upregulated mRNAs (OCT4 isoforms) are shown as red circles (Padj < 0.05) and a significantly downregulated gene (SEPT7P3) is designated with a blue circle (Padj < 0.05). Source data are available in the Source data file.