Fig. 1: Dynamics of serological responses to SARS-CoV-2.

a Timeline of sample collection for each cohort participant (n = 64 participants, 158 total samples). Samples included only in serological analysis are indicated in black (n = 33); samples included in both serological and cellular immune analysis are indicated in red (n = 31). Shaded areas indicate early (<50 days) and late (>100 days) convalescent time periods, and dashed line indicates day 70 midpoint. b Longitudinal microneutralisation endpoint titre and c inhibition of ACE2 binding (%) for individuals. Best fit two-phase decay slope (red line) is indicated. Uninfected control participants (n = 26 for ACE2 binding inhibition and n = 7 for microneutralisation) are shown on the left side of each graph. Horizontal dashed lines indicate the upper 90th percentile value of the uninfected control cohort for RBD-ACE2 inhibition and a conservative threshold of 1:20 for microneutralisation. d Individual kinetics and best fit decay slopes for IgG binding to spike (S), IgG binding to nucleoprotein (N), IgM binding to S and IgA1 binding to S. N = 63 for IgA1. Uninfected control participants (n = 32) are shown on the left side of each graph and horizontal dashed lines indicate the upper 90th percentile value of the uninfected control cohort. e Estimated half-life and confidence intervals of the neutralising antibody titre before day 70 (red) and after day 70 post-symptom onset (blue) are indicated as dashed vertical lines. Estimated early decay rates and confidence intervals for serological inhibition of ACE2 and antibody binding titres are indicated (single phase decay is shown in grey, two-phase decay indicated in red/blue). Horizontal dashed lines indicate the median value of the uninfected control cohort (n = 32). If no dashed line is shown, the control cohort median lies at or below the y-axis limit. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.