Fig. 5: The temperature dependence of electromechanical properties of textured PIN–PSN–PT ceramics. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: The temperature dependence of electromechanical properties of textured PIN–PSN–PT ceramics.

From: Textured ferroelectric ceramics with high electromechanical coupling factors over a broad temperature range

Fig. 5

a The temperature dependence of piezoelectric coefficient d33 for nontextured (R-0BT), 3 vol.% BT-textured (T-3BT), 5 vol.% BT-textured (T-5BT), 7 vol.% BT-textured (T-7BT) 0.19PIN–0.445PSN–0.365PT ceramics. b The temperature dependence of electromechanical coupling factor k33 for R-0BT, T-3BT, T-5BT, and T-7BT ceramics. c A comparison of the temperature dependence of k33 among T-3BT-textured ceramic, “soft” PZT ceramic (PZT51) and <001>-oriented relaxor-PT single crystals (data of relaxor-PT crystals from ref. 10). d The k33 as a function of Trt for a series textured PIN–PSN–PT ceramics and relaxor-PT single crystals, where the k33 values of state-of-the-art “soft” PZT ceramics are marked in the figure by the gray color.

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