Fig. 4: Conditional ablation of Sulf1/2 accelerates remyelination.

a, b Solochrome cyanine-stained lesions at 14 days post lesion (d.p.l.). Oligodendrocyte differentiation was assessed by Plp1 ISH (c, d) and Olig2⁺CC1⁺ immunofluorescence (Olig2, green; CC1, red) (e, f). Astrogliosis was assessed by Gfap (green) and image insert shows a higher magnification image to show morphology (g, h), and the microglial responses were assessed by Iba1 (red) and image insert at higher magnification showing morphology (i, j). Quantification of Plp1⁺ oligodendrocyte cell density (k) (*indicates two-sided t test p = 0.026; n = 4 mice per group), Olig2⁺ and CC1⁺ density (l) (**indicates total Olig2⁺ density two-sided t test p = 0.0077; n = 4 mice per group), and percentage of CC1⁺ cells within the Olig2 population (m) (n = 3 and 4 mice, for WT and Sulf1/2 cKO, respectively). n Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Gfrap (n = 3 mice per group) and Iba1 cells in lesion (n = 4 and 3 mice, for WT and Sulf1/2 cKO respectively). o–v Analysis of remyelination by electron microscopy at 14 d.p.l. o, q Inserts show lesion location within ventrolateral white matter. s Proportion of remyelinated axons (**indicates two-sided t test p = 0.0061) and t relationship between axon diameter and g-ratio (linear regression is shown). Frequency distribution of axonal g-ratio (u) and axon diameter (v) in lesion (n = 4 mice/group, ≥400 axons). Mean ± SEM shown. Scale: 20 μm (a–j) and 5 μm (o, q) and 1000 nm (p, r).