Fig. 1: Requirement of biotin for Agrobacterium growth. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Requirement of biotin for Agrobacterium growth.

From: Biochemical and structural characterization of the BioZ enzyme engaged in bacterial biotin synthesis pathway

Fig. 1

a Schematic illustration of the biotin-auxotrophic strain of A. tumefaciens (ΔbioBFDA). The removal of biotin operon bioBFDA from A. tumefaciens NTL4 interrupts the biotin synthesis pathway of A. tumefaciens, and therefore interferes bacterial growth on the condition without the supplementation of exogenous biotin. b Growth rescue of the ΔbioBFDA mutant by the addition of exogenous biotin. c Unlike biotin, its precursor dethiobiotin (DTB) fails to allow the ΔbioBFDA mutant to appear on the nonpermissive growth condition without any biotin. d The growth of the ΔbioBFDA mutant on the biotin-lacking medium is restored by the cross-feeding with the wild-type strain of A. tumefaciens NTL4. e The cell-free growth culture (i.e., supernatant) of A. tumefaciens NTL4, (rather than the negative control, Klebsiella pneumoniae strain 24) cross-feeds the biotin auxotroph ER90 (ΔbioFCD) of E. coli. Here, the A. tumefaciens NTL4 was pelleted and then suspended with 1× PBS. It indicated that A. tumefaciens NTL4 secrets biotin (mostly its DTB precursor) into the growth medium/environment39. The strain FYJ283 (ΔbioBFDA)39 appeared as an indicator strain in the biotin (DTB) bioassay (b–c), and also acted as a recipient strain in the cross-feeding experiment of A. tumefaciens NTL4 (d). The biotin/DTB bioassay was routinely performed as earlier described20,39. At Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Kp24 Klebsiella pneumoniae strain 24.

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