Fig. 4: Synovial fibroblasts from arthritic mice have reduced levels of α2-6 but not α2-3-sialylation.

a SNA, MAAII, PNA, and SBA lectins were used in enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) to evaluate the presence of α2-6 Sialic acid, α2-3 sialic acid, non-sialylated T antigen, and terminal N-acetylgalactosamine/galactose respectively. n = 10 biological replicates from three independent experiments. Statistics: two-tail unpaired t-test, n = 10. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Actual p-values: a 0.0007, b <0.00001, c 0.0018. Boxplots show 25th to 75th percentiles and median, whiskers from minimum to maximum. b Mouse joint sections were stained with biotinylated SNA and MAAII and fluorescently labeled streptavidin. Magnification ×20, scale bars: 400 μm. Lectin binding is shown in red, nuclei counterstain with DAPI in blue. Superimposed white elements indicate as follows; [dotted lines]: bone limits, [arrows]: synovial membrane, [asterisks]: local inflammation and infiltrating cells. The experiment was repeated twice with similar results.