Fig. 3: Bacterial community (OTUs clustered at 97% similarity; upper panels) and functional community (MetaCyc pathways) metrics.

Alpha diversity shown as Chao diversity (a, c with standard errors as defined for the Chao1 model for estimating richness), and beta diversity shown as CAP plots (b, d). Linear models were fitted through the data points on a, c for each of the four oceanographic provinces, which appear in the figure color coded. Data for CAP plots were rarefied and square-root transformed, and also show color-coded oceanographic provinces. The three different sampling depths are indicated by symbols: squares for depth 1 (1.3–36.7 m), circles for depth 2 (18.6–85.5 m), and triangles for depth 3 (39.9–185 m). ANOSIM outputs are shown in Supplementary Table 2.