Fig. 1: Pathological features differ between rats with early and advanced arthritis. | Nature Communications

Fig. 1: Pathological features differ between rats with early and advanced arthritis.

From: Targeted apoptosis of macrophages and osteoclasts in arthritic joints is effective against advanced inflammatory arthritis

Fig. 1

a OCs-induced bone erosion and macrophages-mediated synovial inflammation in advanced arthritis. Representative micro-CT images of ankle joints showing bone erosion levels in ankle joints from normal rats, AIA rats with early-stage arthritis, and AIA rats with late-stage arthritis. Immunohistochemical analyses of the TRAP (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase)-stained OCs, CD68+ synovial macrophages, and MMP9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) expression in the joint tissues from rats in each group (n = 3). Scale bar = 100 μm. b, c Quantitative micro-CT analyses of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone surface density (BS/BV). Data represent the mean ± SD (n = 3 independent animals). Statistical significance was determined by a two-sided Student’s t test.

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