Fig. 4: The specific trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides released by MoCel12A from rice cell wall activate the immune response in rice. | Nature Communications

Fig. 4: The specific trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides released by MoCel12A from rice cell wall activate the immune response in rice.

From: Poaceae-specific cell wall-derived oligosaccharides activate plant immunity via OsCERK1 during Magnaporthe oryzae infection in rice

Fig. 4

a The oligosaccharides of MoCel12A, MoCel12B, and MoCel12C hydrolyzed cell wall detected by MALDI-TOF-MS. The filtered supernatants of MoCels-hydrolyzed rice cell walls were used for the analysis, using 10 mg/ml 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid in 2:1 acetonitrile:water as the matrix. All indicated peaks are single-charged ions of oligosaccharides on the reducing end with Na+ using 3-aminoquinoline (3-AMQ) as ionic liquid matrix. b The trisaccharides activate ROS burst in rice-suspension cells. 10 μM each of CTR (cellotriose, G4G4G), BGTRIA (32-β-d-glucosyl-cellobiose, G3G4G), and BGTRIB (31-β-d-cellobiosyl-glucose, G4G3G) were used for the ROS burst assays. Chitin (10 μg/ml) served as the positive control. c The tetrasaccharides activate ROS burst in rice. CTE (cellotetraose, G4G4G4G), BGTETB (31-β-d-cellotriosyl-glucose, G4G4G3G), and BGTETC (32-β-d-cellobiosyl-cellobiose + 33-β-d-glucosyl-cellotriose, G4G3G4G + G3G4G4G) were used for the ROS burst assays (10 μM each). Others are as in (b). d The trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides activated MAP kinase cascades in rice. The rice-suspension cells were treated with oligosaccharides (10 μM) and were used for MAPK activation assays. e, f The trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides induced PTI marker gene expression. Treatments with oligosaccharides and rice-suspension cells were same as in (d), and the samples were collected for RT-qPCR at the indicated time points. Values are means ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates). g Pretreatment with BGTRIB and BGTETC enhanced the blast disease resistance in rice. Two-week-old rice plants were treated with 50 μg/ml chitin, 100 μM BGTRIB and BGTETC for 3 h, then the leaves were spray-inoculated with conidial suspensions (1 × 105 conidia per ml in 0.02% Tween-20) for 4 d. Bar = 1 cm. The right panel is the relative fungal biomass. Values are means ± SD (n = 3 biological replicates). * indicates significant differences from the Mock at P < 0.05 (two-sided Student’s t test).

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