Fig. 1: Diet regime drives structural variation in the African buffalo gut microbiome.

a Annotated taxonomic hierarchies show relative enrichment of taxa from the kingdom through family levels across pairwise comparisons between diets. The hierarchies with colored nodes represent pairwise comparisons between the dietary regimes listed on the x-axis and y-axis. Lineages that are highlighted in brown or green indicate log 2-fold increase in median abundance of that lineage in the x-axis group or the y-axis group, respectively. The bottom left hierarchy provides a key with labels for all taxa that significantly differed in at least one of the pairwise comparisons (false discovery rate-adjusted Wilcoxon rank sum q < 0.05), with size of labels corresponding to number of genera contained in that node. b Relative abundance of the most common genera across individuals in each diet regime. Under the restricted regime, 72% of samples were dominated by genus Solibacillus. In contrast, Ruminococcaceae UCG-005 was the most abundant genus in 88% of the samples from the hay regime, and 90% of the samples from the green vegetation regime.