Fig. 4: The representative long-term stability results for the hydrogenation of CO2 over GaN-26.6.

a The CO2 conversion and the CO-free distribution of the hydrocarbons (HCs) and oxygenates. b The selectivity of different products and space-time yield of DME (STYDME). The error bar is for 5% relative deviation. Reaction conditions: P = 2.0 MPa, T = 360 °C, H2/CO2 = 2, and gas hourly space velocity = 3000 mL g−1 h−1.