Fig. 5: Human L5 neurons display greater gain at delta and theta frequencies than L2&3 pyramidal cells.
a Example of Vm response of L5 pyramidal cell to 2.5 s of frozen filtered Gaussian white noise current injection. b Frequency-dependent gain G(f) profile of L2&3 and L5 pyramidal cells over a wide range of frequencies. Both layers show two peaks around 2.5–10 and 12–16 Hz, which are more pronounced in L5 pyramidal cells compared to L2&3. Gray horizontal bars represent significant differences between groups (p < 0.05; Mann–Whitney U). c Phase shift of spiking relative to input stimulus. L2&3 pyramidal cells show positive phase in their mean phase shift profile, which represents a lag in L2&3 pyramidal cells compared to L5 pyramidal cells (p < 0.05; Mann–Whitney U). d Mean spike-triggered average (STAs) for L5 and L2&3 neurons. Difference in STAs indicate that L5 neurons require less current and instantaneous rate of current increase to initiate a spike (greater excitability). e, f Frequency-dependent gain profile (mean ± one standard deviation) of L2&3 (n = 3; RMP: −66.2 ± 2.9 mV, input resistance: 105 ± 26.46 MΩ) (e) and L5 (n = 3; RMP: −66.8 ± 3.1 mV, input resistance: 81.3 ± 12 MΩ) (f) pyramidal cells before and after Ih blocker (ZD7288 10 µM). ZD7288 abolished the low-frequency peaks in L5 neurons with little change in frequency-dependent gain in L2&3 neurons. Source data are provided as a Source data file.
