Fig. 5: Dorsomedial prefrontal units entrained by olfactory bulb 4 Hz display stronger sustained and offset responses to freezing. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Dorsomedial prefrontal units entrained by olfactory bulb 4 Hz display stronger sustained and offset responses to freezing.

From: Breathing-driven prefrontal oscillations regulate maintenance of conditioned-fear evoked freezing independently of initiation

Fig. 5

a Z-scored response of dmPFC units to freezing onset and offset ordered by average sustained response. White lines delimit the three groups in (d, e, f) (n = 134 units). b, c First two principal components of dmPFC units response to freezing showing the sustained response (PC1: 17% of variance) and the transition response (PC2: 4% of variance). d–f: i: Average response of each group of units. ii: Average response at freezing onset and offset. For both groups modulated by freezing, the amplitude of response is stronger at offset than at onset (Wilcoxon signed-rank test: zval statistic = −4.49, −0.65, 2.89, p = 6.9E−6, 0.55, 0.0038, n = 63, 53, 18). Error bars are SEM. iii: Percent of significantly modulated units by OB 4 Hz. The freezing responsive groups of neurons contain a significantly larger proportion of modulated units. (Chi2 test 57% vs 36%, chi2stat = 6.03, p = 0.0140, n = 71 & 63 units, 57%: grouped percentage from group 1 and 3). iv: Phase histogram of preferred OB 4 Hz firing phase showing different preferred phase for the two freezing responsive groups (Non-parametric comparison for equal medians: Circ-stat = 5.8, p = 0.05). g Z-scored response of 4 Hz modulated (black) and non-4Hz modulated (grey) dmPFC units from control animals and of all units from bulbectomized animals (red) during normalized freezing episode. Error bars are SEM. (n = 91, 43, 29). All responses were sign-corrected to allow averaging of amplitude. h Averaged onset, sustained and offset freezing-responses (absolute value) for modulated, non-modulated and bulbectomized units. (Wilcoxon rank-sum test: Onset: Z-val statistic = 0.12, 1.11, 1.46, p = 0.9, 0.26, 0.14; Sustained: Z-val statistic = 2.1, 3.7, 1.68, p = 0.0002, 0.091, 0.03; Offset: Z-val statistic = 1.9, 2, 4.8, p = 7E−6, 0.045, 0.014, n = 91, 43, 29). i Temporal correlation matrix of dmPFC population vector before, throughout and after freezing. j Average correlation of dmPFC population vector with the population vector at onset (orange box in i) and offset (purple box in i) and average 4 Hz power (grey) during a normalized freezing episode. Note that the shift from one type of population activity to another closely parallels the change in 4 Hz power.

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