Fig. 6: Regulation of the neutrophil response by nociceptors is required to reduce the severity of HSV-1-induced skin lesions and to elicit a robust CD8 T cell response.
From: Nociceptive sensory neurons promote CD8 T cell responses to HSV-1 infection
a Longitudinal follow-up of the absolute numbers of neutrophils in the skin of HSV-1-infected control DTA and Nav1.8-DTA mice. N = 3–17 mice per group. The data are presented as mean ± SEM. b HIF-1α concentrations in skin homogenates from control DTA and Nav1.8-DTA mice 6 days pi. N = 5 mice per group. The data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were obtained by using a Mann–Whitney test (two-tailed). c Percentage of DAPI+ neutrophils in the skin of HSV-1-infected control DTA and Nav1.8-DTA mice 6 days pi. N = 10–11 mice per group. The data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were obtained by using a Mann–Whitney test (two-tailed). d, e, f, g Control DTA (blue) and Nav1.8-DTA (red)-recipient mice were injected with 5 × 104 naive virus-specific T cells (CD45.1+ OT-I T cells) 1 day before HSV-OVA-TK− infection by flank scarification. Neutrophils were depleted using anti-Ly6G monoclonal antibody treatment. d Representative dot plots showing CD45+ cells in the spleen of control (isotype control antibody-treated mice, left) and anti-Ly6G antibody-treated mice (right). Ly6C+GR1high cells (gated area) were identified as neutrophils. e Size of skin lesions in infected control DTA and Nav1.8-DTA mice treated with isotype control (IC) or anti-Ly6G antibodies. Arrows represent the time points at which anti-Ly6G or IC antibodies were injected (N = 2–10 mice per group). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were obtained by using a Mann–Whitney test (two-tailed). f Skin DCs were identified by flow cytometry 8 days pi (see the gating strategy presented in Fig. 3b). The absolute numbers of cDC1 in the skin are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were obtained by using a Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison test. N = 5–10 mice per group. g Absolute numbers of OT-I cells in brachial LN, axillary LN and spleen of control DTA and Nav1.8-DTA 8 days pi are shown. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. P values were obtained by using a one-way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s multiple comparison test. N = 5–10 mice per group.
