Fig. 1: NR treatment improves the cellular composition of aged BM.

a Schematic of the experimental setup. b Hind limb BM cellularity in aged (n = 24, biological replicates), NR-treated aged (n = 25, biological replicates) and young (n = 17, biological replicates) mice. c Representative flow cytometric dot plots for HSPC (Lin⁻Sca-1⁺cKit⁺), HSC (Lin⁻Sca-1⁺cKit⁺CD150⁺CD48⁻) and MPP (Lin⁻Sca-1⁺cKit⁺CD48⁺) in the BM of aged, NR-treated aged and young mice. d, e Incidence of d HSPC and e HSC in aged (n = 31, biological replicates), NR-treated aged (n = 28, biological replicates) and young (n = 15, biological replicates) mice. f–h Incidence of f MPP, g LMPP (Lin⁻Sca-1⁺cKit⁺CD34⁺Flt3⁺) and h GMP (Lin⁻CD127⁻Sca-1⁻cKit⁺CD34⁺CD16/32⁺). i lymphoid cells (CD3⁺, B220⁺) and j myeloid cells (Gr1/Mac-1⁺) in BM from aged (n = 31, biological replicates), NR-treated aged (n = 28, biological replicates) and young (n = 15, biological replicates) mice. Data are mean ± s.e.m. and is a pool across 8 separate collection days. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.16 (overall for b), p < 0.0001 (overall for d), p = 0.006 (overall for f) with individual groups compared using Dunn’s multiple comparisons test, p-values indicated for b, d, f and ordinary one-way ANOVA, p < 0.0001 (overall for e), p < 0.0001 (overall for g), p = 0.0003 (overall for h), p < 0.0001 (overall for i), p = 0.002 (overall for j) with individual groups compared using Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, p-values indicated for e, g, h, i, j. k Quantification of relative NAD levels in BM HSPC from aged (n = 3, biological replicates), NR-treated aged (n = 3, biological replicates) and young (n = 3, biological replicates) mice, represented as the ratio of NAD/NADH. NADH levels are unchanged in aged, NR-treated aged and young mice as shown in Supplementary Fig. 2l. Data are mean ± s.e.m. and statistical analysis was performed using Ordinary one-way ANOVA, p = 0.04 (overall for k) with individual groups compared using Tukey’s multiple comparisons test, p-values indicated. NR nicotinamide riboside, BM bone marrow, WBM total bone marrow, HSPC hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, HSC hematopoietic stem cells, MPP multipotent progenitors, GMP granulocyte–macrophage progenitors, LMPP Lymphoid-primed multipotent progenitors, Y young, A aged, A + NR NR-treated aged animal. Source data are provided as a Source Data File.