Fig. 2: NR treatment shifts the aged HSC transcriptome towards a more youthful state.

a Principal component analysis of RNA sequencing dataset for HSC from aged (n = 5, biological replicates), NR-treated aged (n = 5, biological replicates) and young (n = 5, biological replicates) mice. b Unsupervised clustering of the HSC RNAseq samples using all genes. c Heatmap representation of genes associated with key gene ontology categories for differentially expressed genes between young and aged HSC (false discovery rate < 0.05); the upper block is for age-upregulated genes, the lower block for age downregulated genes. d Venn diagram visualising overlap between age-upregulated genes (Y vs A, false discovery rate < 0.05) and genes downregulated by NR exposure (A vs A = NR, false discovery rate < 0.05) with associated gene ontology categories. e Venn diagram visualising overlap between age downregulated genes (Y vs A, false discovery rate < 0.05) and genes upregulated by NR exposure (A vs A = NR, false discovery rate < 0.05) with the associated gene ontology categories. Statistical analysis was performed using EdgeR (c) DAVID (c–e), or hypergeometric test with the R function phypher using lower.tail = FALSE with no multiple test correction (d, e). NR nicotinamide riboside, HSC hematopoietic stem cells, p = p-value, Y young, A aged, A + NR NR-treated aged animal.