Fig. 5: 16p11.2 deletion caused development of hyperactive DA neuron networks in vitro.

a Schematic representation of the timeline for the functional network analyses. Cells were plated to HD-MEA after sorting and recorded for the 28 days. b Frequency of active sensors (Hz) of the control, 16pdup, and 16pdel cells. Significantly higher frequency of the network activity was detected in the 16pdel neurons compared to control or 16pdup groups. Adjusted p values for control vs. 16pdel: p = 0.017 d18, p < 0.0001 d20–d28, for 16pdel vs. 16pdup: p = 0.0036 d20, p < 0.0001 d22–28. c Fraction of synchronized sensors in the control, 16pdup, and deletion groups. Significantly higher amount of sensors was synchronized in the 16pdel network compared to control or 16pdup groups. Adjusted p values for control vs. 16pdel: p = 0.0034 d18, p < 0.0001 d20–d28, for 16pdel vs. 16pdup: p = 0.0141 d18, p < 0.0001 d20–28. Datasets were calculated by making interpolation of each data point recorded per chip per day, and averaged data from each group of chips together based on their genotype: control (n = 6), 16pdup (n = 7), and 16pdel (n = 4) (b, c). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test, and adjusted p values are presented, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ****p < 0.0001 (b, c). d Representative activity maps of the control, 16pdup, and 16pdel DA neurons after 28 days of recording on HD-MEA. e Representative figures of the synchronized regions in the DA neuron networks of the control, 16pdup, and 16pdel groups. Clusters of sensors with the same color represent the areas that have synchronized activity within the subarray recording. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.