Fig. 5: Schematic illustrations showing the structural change of the hollow gradient-structured Fe3O4@C nanospheres during fast charging and discharging. | Nature Communications

Fig. 5: Schematic illustrations showing the structural change of the hollow gradient-structured Fe3O4@C nanospheres during fast charging and discharging.

From: Inorganic-organic competitive coating strategy derived uniform hollow gradient-structured ferroferric oxide-carbon nanospheres for ultra-fast and long-term lithium-ion battery

Fig. 5

A Three-dimensional (3D) view for the structural change of the hollow gradient-structured Fe3O4@C nanospheres; B simplified 2D cross-section view for the structural change of the hollow gradient-structured Fe3O4@C nanospheres; and C volume change of single Fe3O4 nanoparticle. ~7% diameter expansion of the gradient-structured nanospheres can be evaluated from the full charging to full discharging state, which is considerably lower than the theoretical value of Fe3O4 particles (~22%). proving that the gradient-structure can gradually release the stress caused by the volume change.

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