Fig. 4: Real-time chemical efflux monitoring using the cellular lensing effect.
From: Cellular lensing and near infrared fluorescent nanosensor arrays to enable chemical efflux cytometry
a Time-series nIR images of a stationary single monocyte with different immune activation states (−PMA, +PMA, +PMA & catalase). b Real-time nIR intensity variations of the cells with different activation states. c Schematic illustrations of H2O2 efflux monitoring mechanism with nIR lensing effect. d 3D diffusion and reaction kinetic modeling for translation of measured nIR signals to real-time local H2O2 concentration. e Real-time H2O2 efflux profiles of each single monocyte estimated by the model. 16-color scalebars represent nIR intensity from white (16833) to dark blue (0). Scale bars: 20 µm.
