Fig. 2: Mono-methylation of H3K18 is distributed on the gene bodies of repressed genes.

a Average occupancy profiles for H3K4me3 (green), H3K18ac (blue), H3K18me1 (red) and H3K36me3 (purple) around transcriptional start sites (TSS) of all T. annulata genes. X-axis: genomic coordinates ± 1.5 kb. Y-axis: log2 (ChIP/Input). b Heatmap of occupancy across all Theileria genes starting from 500 bp before the TSS to the end of the gene (TES), normalised by length (normalised to input read coverage). Clustering is the result of a 5 k-means clustering on H3K18me1. The H3K18me1-enriched Cluster IV is highlighted in light grey. c Average occupancy profiles per cluster for H3K4me3 (green), H3K18ac (blue), H3K18me1 (red) and H3K36me3 (purple) starting from 500 bp before the TSS to the TES, normalised by length. Cluster IV is highlighted in grey. d Boxplot of gene expression (RPKM) per cluster as defined by the 5 k-means clusterings on H3K18me1. Pairwise-Wilcoxon statistical testing is indicated. Custer IV is highlighted in grey. Statistical test Dunnett’s multiple comparison test: ****p < 0.0001. A two-sided pairwise Wilcoxon test was performed. Values: ns: p > 0.05,*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001,****p < 0.0001. Minimum and maximum are represented by upper and lower Whiskers, respectively. Interquartile representation includes first and third quartile, centre representing median, test was performed on three RNA-Seq replicates. e Selected genome region depicting epigenetic profiles and gene expression for Theileria genes belonging to the four clusters (indicated below). Two genes from cluster IV are highlighted in grey (TA16455, TA16420). H3K4me3 (green), H3K18ac (blue), H3K18me1 (red) and H3K36me3 (purple), Input (grey). The region ranges from gene TA16455 to TA16400, chr1: 2346753–2365563 (T. annulata Ankara strain, accessible at https://www.piroplasmadb.org).