Fig. 5: Density-functional theory (DFT) calculations.
From: A single atom change turns insulating saturated wires into molecular conductors

a DFT-calculated plane-averaged electrostatic potential of Ag(111)–S(CH2)14X where X = H, F, Cl, Br, or I, along the surface-normal coordinate. b Work function (Φ) of the SAMs, calculated from DFT (red squares) and measured experimentally (black dots). Density of states (DOS) projected onto the molecular backbone (c) and onto the X-site (d) of Ag(111)–S(CH2)14X. Note that X contributes very little to the band edges for X = H, F.