Fig. 4: Overview of thermohaline structure and circulation.
From: Thermohaline structure and circulation beneath the Langhovde Glacier ice shelf in East Antarctica
Water current, conservative temperature, and absolute salinity measured in the ice shelf cavity of Langhovde Glacier in January 2018. Measurements were performed twice at each borehole site in (a) high and (b) low tides. The length and orientation of black lines indicate current speed and direction. Cross-glacier components of the current speed are projected to the vertical: leftward-looking—flow to the open ocean, rightward-looking—flow to the grounding zone, upward-looking—flow to the northeast, and downward-looking—flow to the southwest of the cavity on the plane view (Fig. 1b). Background shows the vertical cross sections of conservative temperature (color scale) and absolute salinity (green contour line). Estimated basal met rates (m a−1) are indicted by red bars and numbers. Open circles indicate the lower boundary of the ice–ocean boundary layer.
