Fig. 9: Finite-size scaling analysis.
From: Lattice quantum electrodynamics in (3+1)-dimensions at finite density with tensor networks
a Particle density as a function of m, for t = 0, \({g}_{{\rm{m}}}^{2}=0\) and L = 4. b Universal scaling function λ(x) close to the transition point mc ≈−0.39 for \({g}_{{\rm{m}}}^{2}=0\) with critical exponents β ≈ 0.16 and ν ≈ 1.22. The inset shows the same universal behavior close to the transition point mc ≈0.22 in the presence of magnetic interactions with \({g}_{{\rm{m}}}^{2}=8/{g}_{{\rm{e}}}^{2}=4\) and the same critical exponents β ≈ 0.16 and ν ≈ 1.22. c Contour plot of the square root of the residual sum of squares in the (ν, β) plane for the best-fitting values of the critical exponents.
