Fig. 1: Map of all European WWLLN-detected superbolts in 2012–2018.
From: Electromagnetic power of lightning superbolts from Earth to space
All European (gray circles) WWLLN-detected superbolts in 2012–2018, among which we highlight the superbolts measured by Van Allen Probes (RBSP) in (black circles) survey and (pink circles) burst modes. WWLLN superbolts seen in coincidence by (blue circles) ECLAIR and (red circles) both ECLAIR and Météorage ground measurements. (large pink circles) Synchronized observations from both space and ground with WWLLN, Van Allen Probes burst and ECLAIR. The red dashed circle defines a 1500 km radius centered on the black triangle indicating the location of one of the ECLAIR stations used here. The x and y axes are longitude and latitude, respectively. The map itself is made with ©Matlab Mapping Toolbox.
