Fig. 3: Heterogeneity in species fluctuations.
From: Fluctuation spectra of large random dynamical systems reveal hidden structure in ecological networks
Thin lines show power spectral densities for individual species in a predator-prey ecosystem model, computed using the single-defect approximation of Eq. (10). Thick lines show the power spectral density for comparison the two species with extremal fluctuations at low frequency, computed directly via Eq. (17); the dashed line shows the mean power spectral density. Parameters are: N = 500, c = 20, γ = −1, σ2 = 1/4/c, b = 0.2.
