Fig. 4: Fluctuation spectra of bipartite systems.
From: Fluctuation spectra of large random dynamical systems reveal hidden structure in ecological networks
The exact power spectral densities (dots) for predator species in a two trophic level model are computed numerically from Eq. (17), and the corresponding mean power spectral density (solid line) are obtained by solving Eq. (61) (inset shows the prey species). Excited frequencies are confined to a band (shaded) between critical frequences given in Eq. (14). The order 1/N peak at ω = 1 in the simulation result relates to the high-level bipartite structure. Its location is predicted by a corresponding 2D system, also shown here for comparison (dashed line). Parameters: Nx = 100, Ny = 200, cx = 20, cy = 10, α = 5, b = 1, d = 1.
