Fig. 1: Soil creep observations and scales.
a Canonical soil-mantled hillslopes, Briones Regional Park, California. b Excavated Young Pit indicating the displacement of tracer pegs over a 17-year interval in the Sudetes Mountains, Poland (image: Alfred Jahn). c Compilation of soil deformation data from four studies and field environments, originally compiled by Roering21: freeze–thaw cycles near Strasbourg, France10; wet–dry cycles in Stanford, California11; wet–dry cycles in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia12, and freeze–thaw cycles in the Japanese Alps13. Data are collapsed by a normalized exponential function (Supplementary Notes 5 and 6). Also shown is a measured strain-rate profile from our experiments; see text for details.
