Fig. 3: Bifunctional electrocatalysis of CO2 reduction and oxygen evolution.

a Linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs) of Fe-SAC, Ni-SAC, and NiFe-DASC acquired on a rotating disc electrode at a rotation speed of 1600 r.p.m. and a scan rate of 5 mV s-1. Catalyst loading is 0.1 mg cm-2 and electrolyte is CO2-saturated 0.5 M KHCO3 solution. Faradaic efficiencies of b CO and c H2 generation at various potentials. d Partial current density of CO (jCO) in potentiostatic electrolysis. e Tafel plots for CO2RR. f Potential-time response for CO2RR at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. g LSV curves, and h Tafel plots for OER in O2-saturated 1.0 M KOH at a rotation speed of 1600 r.p.m and a scan rate of 1 mV s-1. i Potential-time response for OER at a current density of 10 mA cm-2.