Fig. 8: Kidneys are injured early after intravenous challenge with C. albicans by yeast and hyphal forms, while kidney function is not impaired within 72 h post infection. When moribund, mice developed severe renal dysfunction accompanied by renal apoptosis.

a Kidney injury was quantified by measuring and normalizing urinary KIM-1 level to urinary creatinine 24, 48 and 72 h post infection. Two independent experiments, n = 10 per group except for WT- 24 and 48 h and t-EED1 + 72 h: n = 9. Biomarkers for kidney function b serum creatinine and c blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were quantified in serum of mice 6, 24, 48, 72 h post infection and increased especially in serum of moribund (mor) mice. Two independent experiments. Serum creatinine n = 10, except for WT− mor, WT+ 24–72 h, t-EED1+ 24 and 48 h n = 9, for t-EED1− 6 h and t-EED1+ mor n = 8. BUN n = 10, except for WT− 24, 48 h and mor n = 9, t-EED1+ mor n = 8. a–c Dashed lines indicate median serum biomarker level of uninfected controls in the presence (+, dark gray) or absence of doxycycline (−, light gray). Data are shown as median and interquartile range. d Immunohistochemistry of the renal pelvis of moribund mice identified apoptotic areas stained in brown. Scale bar represents 200 μm. e Quantification of apoptotic areas in kidneys of moribund mice (n = 5 per group). Shown are apoptotic areas in μm in box-and-whiskers graph with min to max. No significant changes were observed by two-sided Mann–Whitney test. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.