Fig. 3: I–V characteristics of conductive DWs.

I–V characteristics of HH (cyan) and TT (red) conductive DWs at 15 K. The solid lines are guides to the eye. A c-AFM image recorded at +60 V at 15 K is displayed at the bottom inset. The upper inset displays a PFM image recorded on the same area (see Supplementary Fig. 2 for an extended version of the PFM image). The arrows in the PFM image indicate the orientations of the polar axis of four polar domain states and the schematic triangle in the c-AFM image indicates the orientation of the conductive HH and TT DWs within the (111) plane.