Fig. 1: LaCl₃ induced CME in root cells.

a The representative CLSM images of Col-0 root cells. Leaves of Col-0 were treated with 0, 30, or 80 µM LaCl₃ for 12 h and then roots were stained with FM4-64. Bar = 10 μm. b Quantitative analysis of the frequency of root cells with endocytosis and average fluorescent area of FM4-64 in Col-0 root cells (data come from a). c The representative CLSM images of pCLC1::CLC1-GFP root cells. Leaves of pCLC1::CLC1-GFP were treated with 0, 30, or 80 µM LaCl₃ for 12 h and then roots were stained with FM4-64. Bar = 10 μm. d The intensity plot of corresponding solid boxes shown in (c). e Quantitative analysis of the frequency of pCLC1::CLC1-GFP root cells with CME and average fluorescent area of CLC1-GFP in these cells (data come from c). f The representative CLSM images of Col-0, and the grafted Col-0 and ap2μ-1 (shoots from Col-0 were grafted onto Col-0 and ap2μ-1 roots) root cells. Leaves of all of these Arabidopsis were treated with 0, 30, or 80 µM LaCl₃ for 12 h and then roots were stained with FM4-64. Bar = 10 μm. g Quantitative analysis of the frequency of root cells with endocytosis and average fluorescent area of FM4-64 in these cells of Col-0, and the grafted Col-0 and ap2μ-1 (shoots from Col-0 were grafted onto Col-0 and ap2μ-1 roots) root cells (data come from f). In a, c, and f, representative images from six independent measurements and three biological replicates (each replicate represents an independently treated plant) per measurement are represented, and the right sides of the CLSM images are the enlarged areas of solid boxes. In (b, e, g), values shown are means ± SEM, one-way ANOVA analysis with LSD multiple comparisons test (n = 6, **p < 0.01, n.s.: no significance).