Fig. 2: Sample-averaged energy landscape visualization and generative rule comparisons.

a Homophily-based methods. Matching and neighbors algorithms calculate a measure of shared neighborhood between nodes. b The spatial method. This ignores γ entirely, judging networks only on the basis of their spatial relationship. c Clustering-based methods. These calculate a summary measure between two nodes in terms of their clustering coefficients. d Degree-based methods. These calculate a summary measure between two nodes in terms of their degree. e Energy statistics from the best performing simulation across 13 generative rules, showing that matching can achieve the lowest energy networks given the appropriate parameter combination. In total, there are N = 270 data points for each of the 13 boxplots. A tabulated form of this figure is provided in Supplementary Table 1. The boxplot presents the median and IQR. Outliers are demarcated as small black crosses, and are those which exceed 1.5 times the interquartile range away from the top or bottom of the box. f A further 50,000 simulations were undertaken in the refined matching window, as these defined boundary conditions for which low-energetic networks were consistently achieved. Each cross represents a subject’s individually specific wiring parameters that achieved their lowest energy simulated network.